Public health impact of urban flooding : a case study of Jakarta, Indonesia | |
| Author | Yunika, Anastasia |
| Call Number | AIT Thesis no.WM-04-03 |
| Subject(s) | Floods--Indonesia--Jakarta Public health--Indonesia--Jakarta |
| Note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Abstract | Flood are common and complex phenomena in terms of their impact on socio-economic and routine life of the people. This study analyzed the hydrological condition of Jakarta, Indonesia in relation to flood occurrence, the correlation between inundation characteristics, i.e. area and average depth with the percentage morbidity rates of eight selected diseases and the flood impact to the peoples health condition in the specific study area, Kampung Melayu Village. Secondary data of hydrology and monthly morbidity rates were collected from various sources including Puskesmas Kecamatan (Sub-district Community Health Center) as the main source. The primary data was collected through household surveys in non-flood and flood seasons. Non-parametric analysis was applied to test the difference of morbidity rates between two seasons, i.e. non-flood and flood, as well as between two groups of respondents, i.e. non-flooded and flooded, in both seasons. The statistical method used was mainly Chi-square independence test. The hydrological study indicates that flooding occurs every year causing inundation in the low lying land and flood plain along the river. Two biggest flood events in 1996 and 2002 were caused by heavy rainfall in either upstream area of Ciliwung River or local area of Jakarta and surroundings. From the statistical analysis, diseases with morbidity rates significantly different between non-flooded and flooded respondents were obtained. In wet season, the morbidity rates of diarrhea and tuberculosis are significantly different between non-flooded and flooded areas. Whereas in dry season, the morbidity rates of diarrhea, dysentery, tuberculosis and pneumonia are found to be significantly different between the two areas. The correlation analysis between inundation characteristics (i.e. percentage area and average depth) and morbidity rates indicates no linear relationship between the two variables. The socio-economic condition of non-flooded and flooded areas is significantly different in terms of source of water for drinking, bathing and washing, sanitation facilities availability in the house, house type, respondents education and income. In the non-flood season, cough morbidity rate is dependent on the respondents condition of being flooded or not whereas no such dependence is fount for the flood season. Fever morbidity is the only disease found to be season dependent in the non-flooded area whereas cough, fever, diarrhea, influenza and skin disease are dependent on the season in the flooded area. It is concluded that the public health impact of flooding in terms of cough, diarrhea, influenza and skin disease are predominant. However, there are several other inter-related factors which might affect public health so a comprehensive study considers other related factor is recommended. |
| Year | 2005 |
| Type | Thesis |
| School | School of Engineering and Technology (SET) |
| Department | Department of Civil and Infrastucture Engineering (DCIE) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Water Engineering and Management (WM) |
| Chairperson(s) | Babel, Mukand Singh;Gupta, Ashim Das |
| Examination Committee(s) | Sutat Weesakul;Takizawa, Satoshi |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Government of Denmark-Asian Institute of Technology Fellowship |
| Degree | Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2005 |