Remote sensing and GIS based sustainable water management modelling in the Chi River Basin | |
| Author | Chalermchai Pawattana |
| Call Number | AIT Diss. no.RS-08-01 |
| Subject(s) | Water resources development--Geographic information systems--Thailand--Chi River Basin Water resources development--Remote sensing--Thailand--Chi River Basin |
| Note | A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Engineering in Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems |
| Publisher | Asian Institute of Technology |
| Series Statement | Dissertation ; no. RS-08-01 |
| Abstract | The Chi River basin is the lifeline of northeast Thailand. The basin suffers recurrent flood and drought as a regular phenomenon. A solution to these issues is long awaited. Fundamental solution to these problems lies in storing j100dwater and uses the storage water volume in the dry months for agriculture and( domestic. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to develop a water budget model in the Chi River basin and plan the water retention infrastructures for storing floodwater to mitigate the impact of flooding using integrated hydrological and hydrodynamic models, remote sensing, GIS, and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). To fulfill the main objective, specific objectives were to (I) develop the model for locating suitable water retention zones, (2) improve the surface model by filling voids in digital elevation model (DEM) data and calibrating processes for water volume estimation and analysis of flood inundation areas, (3) ?imulate the reduction of water levels and flood inundation areas of temporarily storing floodwater in the flood retention reservoirs, and (4) simulate water requirements of crop types around the floodwater retention reservoir using crop water requirement model. An attempt of the first sub-objective was made in this study to develop a methodology that can provide suitable locations for flood retention reservoirs by adopting analytical hierarchical processing. The parameters considered were salt crust, soil drainage, slope, land use, and geological formation. The AHP was used to compute the weights of the main and sub-criteria. These weights were employed to determine the Water Harvesting Potential Index (WHPI). Based on analysis, areas were categorized into excellent, good, moderate and poor classes. These were later converted into vector layer for the final water retention zones map. The map was validated with a field survey of floodwater retention site and the reservoir sites under the supervision of the Regional Office of Irrigation 6 (ROI 6), Thailand. The results have shown that the developed methodology improves the reliability to identify the locations of floodwater retention reservoirs. The second sub-objective emphasized the estimation of water volume of reservoirs, which were computed in GIS environment using 3D analysis of DEM with 30 m spatial resolution. The DEM data had some missing values. This hinders the calculation of storage water volume that can be stored in reservoirs. The void patches filling and calibrating processes were conducted using Arc View GIS and digital image processing. Evidently, the estimation of water volume from the calibrated DEM could reduce an error and offered quite accurate storage capacity. In addition, the calibrated DEM data were used for analysis of flood inundation areas. For the third sub-objective, one dimensional and unsteady hydrodynamic model (MIKE 11) was employed to calculate water levels of the main river. The model simulated water levels for the existing condition, and then analyzed two scenarios for demonstration of the purpose of flood alleviation in 2001. The first scenario was the diversion of discharges from the Chi River into the two reservoirs located near the river with total water storage capacity of 10.53 million m³ (MCM). This has reduced the water level by 11 cm on 15 September 2001 at the diverted locations. The last scenario, the simulations were to divert the discharges into 59 flood retention sites. The results of these simulations found that all retention reservoirs could store floodwater volume at the maximum water levels. For initial total storage of 20% (108 MCM), the total corresponding flooding areas of 15 September 2001 decreased from 1,714 to 1,272 km². In addition, for the simulations for 40%, 60% and 80% of initial total storage reservoirs, the flood inundation areas were 1,327, 1,372 and l,545 km², respectively. The last sub-objective was to simulate water requirements of crop types for irrigable areas around the floodwater retention reservoir, namely Kud Dok. According to the second scenario analysis of the third sub-objective, the discharges were diverted from the main river to retention reservoirs (including Kud Dok's reservoir), which could store floodwater at the maximum storage of 8.13 MCM. The calculation of water requirements employed the CROPW A T model. Cultivatable crops were garlic, chili, bell chili, groundnut, com, and grass, respectively. The simulations of water requirements were within 3.20 to 3.66 MCM for irrigable areas of 4.45 million m². Therefore, this reservoir could supply sufficient water requirements .of the proposed crop types. Finally, the integration of GIS, DEM and hydrodynamic model is essential for water resources management. Although the study emphasized the Chi River basin, the methods of this study can be applied to other basins |
| Year | 2008 |
| Corresponding Series Added Entry | Asian Institute of Technology. Dissertation ; no. RS-08-01 |
| Type | Dissertation |
| School | School of Engineering and Technology (SET) |
| Department | Department of Information and Communications Technologies (DICT) |
| Academic Program/FoS | Remote Sensing (RS) |
| Chairperson(s) | Tripathi, Nitin Kumar |
| Examination Committee(s) | Honda, Kiyoshi ;Surat Lertlum ;Sutat Weesakul |
| Scholarship Donor(s) | Khon Kaen University, Thailand |
| Degree | Thesis (Ph.D.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2008 |